- Pay sheet: It’s the total amount of money paid in wages, is a list of employees and their salaries.
- Interview: An interview is a conversation between two or more people where questions are asked by the interviewer to elicit facts or statements from the interviewee.
- Ethics: is a branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct
- Pricing: Pricing is the process of determining what a company will receive in exchange for its products. Pricing factors are manufacturing cost, market place, competition, market condition, and quality of product.
- Manufacturing cost: Manufacturing cost is the sum of costs of all resources consumed in the process of making a product. The manufacturing cost is classified into three categories: direct materials cost, direct labor cost and manufacturing overhead.
- Direct material cost: Direct materials are the raw materials that become a part of the finished product. Manufacturing adds value to raw materials by applying a chain of operations to maintain a deliverable product.
- Direct labor cost: The direct labor cost is the cost of workers who can be easily identified with the unit of production. Types of labor who are considered to be part of the direct labor cost are the assembly workers on an assembly line.
- Manufacturing overhead: Manufacturing overhead is any manufacturing cost that is neither direct materials cost nor direct labor cost. Manufacturing overhead includes all charges that provide support to manufacturing.
- Marketing mix: The marketing mix is a business tool used in marketing and by marketing professionals. The marketing mix is often crucial when determining a product or brand's offering, and is often synonymous with the four Ps: price, product, promotion, and place. Lauterborn proposed a four Cs classification in 1993, which is a more consumer-oriented version of the four Ps that attempts to better fit the movement from mass marketing to niche marketing; the four Cs are: consumer, cost, communication and convenience.
- Product: A product is seen as an item that satisfies what a consumer needs or wants. It is a tangible good or an intangible service.
- Price: The price is the amount a customer pays for the product. The price is very important as it determines the company's profit and hence, survival.
- Promotion: It represents all of the methods of communication that a marketer may use to provide information to different parties about the product. Promotion comprises elements such as: advertising, public relations, personal selling and sales promotion.
- Product distribution (Place): Is one of the four elements of the marketing mix. Distribution is the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption by a consumer or business user, using direct means, or using indirect means with intermediaries.
- Advertising: Is a form of communication for marketing and used to encourage, persuade, or manipulate an audience
- Sale: is the act of selling a product or service in return for money or other compensation; it is an act of completion of a commercial activity.
- Public relations: is the practice of managing the flow of information between an individual or an organization and the public.
- Intermediary (or go-between): Is a third party that offers intermediation services between two trading parties. The intermediary acts as a conduit for goods or services offered by a supplier to a consumer.
- Customer Perceived value of a product: Is the difference between the prospectives customer's evaluation of all the benefits and all the cost of an offering and the perceived alternatives.
- Brand management: Brand management is a communication function that includes analysis and planning on how that brand is positioned in the market, which target public the brand is targeted at, and maintaining a desired reputation of the brand. Developing a good relationship with target publics is essential for brand management.
- Brand engagement: is a term loosely used to describe the process of forming an attachment (emotional and rational) between a person and a brand. It comprises one aspect of brand management. What makes the topic complex is that brand engagement is partly created by institutions and organizations, but is equally created by the perceptions, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of those with whom these institutions and organizations are communicating or engaging with.
- Employer branding: Employer brand denotes an organization’s reputation as an employer.
- Persuasion: is the influence of beliefs, attitudes, intentions, motivations, or behaviors.
- Sales pitch: sales pitch is a line of talk that attempts to persuade someone or something, with a planned sales presentation strategy of a product or service designed to initiate and close a sale of the product or service.
- Scarcity: is the fundamental economic problem of having seemingly unlimited human wants and needs in a world of limited resources.
- Consumer: ‘Product’ part of the four Ps model is replaced by ‘Consumer’, shifting the focus to satisfying the consumer needs. By defining offerings as individual capabilities that are combined and focused to a specific industry, the result is a custom solution rather than the pigeon-holing of a customer into a product.
- Cost: ‘Price’ is replaced by ‘Cost’, reflecting the total cost of ownership. Many factors affect Cost, including but not limited to the customer's cost to change or implement the new product or service and the customer's cost for not selecting a competitor's product or service.
- Communication: ‘Promotion’ is replaced by ‘Communication’, which represents a broader focus. Communications can include advertising, public relations, personal selling, viral advertising, and any form of communication between the organization and the consumer
- Convenience: ‘Place’ is replaced by ‘Convenience’. With the rise of Internet and hybrid models of purchasing, Place is becoming less relevant. Convenience takes into account the ease of buying the product, finding the product, finding information about the product, and several other factors.
- Viral marketing: Are buzzwords referring to marketing techniques that use pre-existing social networks and other technologies to produce increases in brand awareness or to achieve other marketing objectives (such as product sales) through self-replicating viral processes, analogous to the spread of viruses or computer viruses.
- Social proof: Also known as informational social influence is a psychological phenomenon where people assume the actions of others in an attempt to reflect correct behavior for a given situation. This effect is prominent in ambiguous social situations where people are unable to determine the appropriate mode of behavior, and is driven by the assumption that surrounding people possess more knowledge about the situation.
- Trade-off: is a situation that involves losing one quality or aspect of something in return for gaining another quality or aspect. It often implies a decision to be made with full comprehension of both the upside and downside of a particular choice; the term is also used in an evolutionary context, in which case the selection process acts as the ‘decision-maker’.
- Market segmentation: is a marketing strategy that involves dividing a broad target market into subsets of consumers who have common needs, And then be designed and implemented to target these specific customer segments, addressing needs or desires that are believed to be common in this segment, using media that is used by the market segment.
- Loyalty marketing: Loyalty marketing is an approach to marketing, based on strategic management, in which a company focuses on growing and retaining existing customers through incentives.
- Product differentiation: is the process of distinguishing a product or offering from others, to make it more attractive to a particular target market.
- Target market: is a group of customers that the business has decided to aim its marketing efforts and ultimately its merchandisetowards.
- Imperfect competition: is the competitive situation in any market where the sellers in the market sell different/dissimilar of goods, (heterogenous) that does not meet the conditions of perfect competition. Forms of imperfect competition include oligopoly and monopolistic competition.
- Oligopoly: is a market form in which a market or industry is dominated by a small number of sellers (oligopolists). A general lack of competition can lead to higher costs for consumers.
- Monopolistic competition: is a type of imperfect competition such that many producers sell products that are differentiated from one another as goods but not perfect substitutes. In monopolistic competition, a firm takes the prices charged by its rivals as given and ignores the impact of its own prices on the prices of other firms.
- Barriers to entry into market: A cost of producing which must be borne by a firm which seeks to enter an industry but is not borne by firms already in the industry is anything that allows incumbent firms to earn supernormal profits without threat of entry.
- Perfect competition: It describes markets such that no participants are large enough to have the market power to set the price of a homogeneous product. Because the conditions for perfect competition are strict, there are few if any perfectly competitive markets.
- Niche market: is the subset of the market on which a specific product is focusing. So the market niche defines the specific product features aimed at satisfying specific market needs, as well as the price range, production quality and the demographics that is intended to impact.
- Supply and demand: Is an economic model of price determination in a market. It concludes that in a competitive market, the unit price for a particular good will vary until it settles at a point where the quantity demanded by consumers (at current price) will equal the quantity supplied by producers (at current price), resulting in an economic equilibrium for price and quantity.
- Marginal cost: Is the change in total cost that arises when the quantity produced changes by one unit. That is, it is the cost of producing one more unit of a good.
- Investment: is related to saving and deferring consumption. Investment is involved in many areas of the economy, such as business management and finance whether for households, firms, or governments.
- Bank: is a financial institution and a financial intermediary that accepts deposits and channels those deposits into lending activities, either directly by loaning or indirectly through capital markets.
- Opportunity cost: is the cost of any activity measured in terms of the value of the next best alternative forgone (that is not chosen).
- Check: is a document that orders a payment of money from a bank account.
- Depreciation: Is the decrease in value of assets (fair value depreciation), or the allocation of the cost of assets to periods in which the assets are used.
- Corporate identity: is the overall image of a corporation or firm or business in the minds of diverse publics, such as customers and investors and employees. It is a primary task of the corporate communications department to maintain and build this identity to accord with and facilitate the attainment of business objectives.
- Publicity: is the deliberate attempt to manage the public's perception of a subject.
martes, 5 de marzo de 2013
Because one hundred were insufficient
Suscribirse a:
Enviar comentarios (Atom)
No hay comentarios:
Publicar un comentario